银杏蜜环口服溶液作用p38 MAPK调节eNOS/NO信号途径保护人脐静脉内皮细胞缺氧复氧损伤

目的:评估银杏蜜环口服溶液对缺氧复氧损伤人脐静脉内皮细胞(HUVECs)的保护作用;从p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 MAPK)及内皮型一氧化氮合酶(e NOS)/一氧化氮(NO)信号途径探讨银杏蜜环口服溶液保护受损HUVECs的药效机制。方法:缺氧缺糖/复氧复糖法建立体外HUVECs缺血再灌注损伤模型。分为正常组、模型组、银杏蜜环口服溶液高质量浓度组(75 mg·L-1,简称银蜜高),低质量浓度组(36 mg·L-1,简称银蜜低),p38 MAPK抑制剂SB203580组,银蜜高+SB203580组,e NOS抑制剂亚硝基左旋精氨酸甲酯(L-NAME)组,银蜜高+L-NAME组。细胞增殖-毒性检测试剂盒(CCK-8)及微量酶标法检测细胞活力及细胞损伤;蛋白免疫印迹法(Western blot)检测磷酸化p38 MAPK(p-p38 MAPK)/p38 MAPK和磷酸化e NOS(p-e NOS)/e NOS蛋白表达;酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA)检测肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α),可溶性细胞间黏附分子-1(s ICAM-1),半胱氨酸天冬氨酸蛋白酶-3(Caspase-3)含量;硝酸盐还原酶法检测NO含量。结果:银蜜高、银蜜低组可显著提高缺氧复氧损伤HUVECs活力、降低细胞乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)漏出量(P0.05,P0.01);抑制受损细胞p38的磷酸化(P0.05),降低细胞培养上清中TNF-α,s ICAM-1含量(P0.05,P0.01)。在给予银蜜高或(和)SB203580后,受抑制的e NOS磷酸化表达水平显著升高(P0.05);银蜜高可显著提高受损细胞NO含量,在加入e NOS抑制剂L-NAME后,银蜜高可拮抗L-NAME降低细胞NO生成和升高Caspase-3的作用(P0.05)。结论:银杏蜜环口服溶液可提高氧复氧损伤HUVEs活力,具有抗炎、调节内皮系统、抑制细胞凋亡的作用,机制与其作用于p38 MAPK进而调节e NOS-NO信号途径相关。     

Evaluation of the role of L-arginine on spermatological parameters,seminal plasma nitric oxide levels and arginase enzyme activities in rams

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of L-arginine on spermatological parameters, seminal plasma nitric oxide levels and arginase enzyme activities. Fertile rams that are 2–3 years old and weighing 50–60 kg were used as material. The semen was collected by artificial vagina at 1st, 4th, 24th, 48th, 72nd, 96th and 120th hours for the control group before L-arginine administration. For treatment groups, L-arginine was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 5 mg kg⁻¹ bw⁻¹ and semen was collected at the time point described for the control group. Spermatological characteristics of semen samples (semen volume, pH, sperm motility, concentration and abnormal sperm rate), seminal plasma nitric oxide levels and arginase enzyme activities were determined. Increased seminal plasma nitric oxide level (p < .01), seminal plasma arginase activity (p < .01), semen volume (p < .05), semen mass activity (p < .05), sperm motility (p < .05) and concentration (p < .01) and decreased abnormal sperm rate (p < .05 and p < .01) were observed by L-arginine administration. In conclusion, it may be concluded that L-arginine application in rams during the breeding season may have positive effects on rams' reproductive performance.     

关节镜清理联合透明质酸钠治疗膝骨关节炎的短期疗效

目的探究关节镜下清理术联合透明质酸钠腔内注射治疗早中期膝关节骨关节炎的短期临床效果及血清相关指标的变化。 方法回顾性分析广州中医药大学附属佛山市中医院骨科2017年7月至2019年5月收治的膝关节骨关节炎患者。共有108例纳入本研究,采用随机数字表法分为对照组(n＝54)和观察组(n＝54)。两组患者均接受关节镜下膝关节清理术,对照组术后给予安慰剂关节腔内注射,观察组术后给予透明质酸钠关节腔内注射,治疗时间4周,治疗后随访6个月。比较两组治疗前后的疼痛视觉模拟评分(VAS)、日常生活活动量表(ADL)及Lysholm膝关节评分、血清基质金属蛋白酶(MMP-1)、软骨寡聚基质蛋白(COMP)、白介素-1(IL-1)、一氧化氮(NO)和血沉(ESR)的水平,采用t检验比较两组之间的差异。记录两组并发症情况,采用卡方检验评估两组间差异。 结果治疗6个月后,两组ADL及Lysholm评分较治疗前显著升高,治疗后观察组高于对照组(t＝8.390、11.690,P<0.05)。治疗4周后,两组血清MMP-1、COMP、IL-1、NO、ESR水平和VAS评分较治疗前显著降低,治疗后观察组低于对照组(t＝26.284、4.293、5.023、10.508、5.351、8.701, P<0.05)。治疗4周后,观察组并发症发生率为5.56%,与对照组(16.67%)相比,差异无统计学意义(χ²＝2.352,P>0.05)。 结论关节镜下清理术联合透明质酸钠腔内注射治疗早中期膝关节骨关节炎,能在短期内缓解膝关节疼痛、促进关节功能恢复、减轻炎症反应、改善软骨代谢,但远期效果尚需进一步探索和验证。     

LyP-1-conjugated Fe3O4 nanoparticles suppress tumor growth by magnetic induction hyperthermia

To find a promising drug carrier to suppress tumor using magnetic induction hyperthermia (MIH) and targeted therapy, two superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) coated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) and LyP-1, respectively, were prepared and compared. The particle size ranges of PEG-SPIONs and LyP-1-SPIONs were 10–15 nm, and 15–20 nm, respectively. In FTIR spectra, PEG-SPIONs and LyP-1-SPIONs had strong peaks between 575 and 1630 cm^?1. Specifically, the PEG-SPIONs mainly has peaks in 581 and 1630 cm^?1. The LyP-1-SPIONs mainly had peaks in 575, 1050 and 1625 cm^?1. The contents of Fe₃O₄ in the PEG-SPIONs and LyP-1-SPIONs were about 94.24 and 89.26%, respectively. The iron contents in the MCF-7 and CT-26 cells were 33.1 ± 1.8 and 27.9 ± 0.95 pg, respectively, after co-incubation with LyP-1-SPIONs for 8 h. The LyP-1-SPIONs accumulated in the nucleus of MCF-7 cells while PEG-SPIONs in cytoplasma. In vitro, after 30 days we can found the tumor almost stopped to grow in Group LyP-1-SPIONs. LyP-1-SPIONs are promising in treating cancer as they accumulated in the nucleus of MCF-7 cells which expressed p32 and almost stopped tumor growth by combined MIH and targeted therapy.     

牛磺酸锌对血管性痴呆小鼠学习和记忆能力的影响

目的:研究牛磺酸锌(taurine-zinc,TZC)对血管性痴呆(vascular dementia,VD)小鼠学习和记忆能力的影响及其相关机制。方法:将小鼠随机分为模型组、假手术组及TZC 50 mg/kg组、100 mg/kg和200 mg/kg给药组。给药组每天按10 m L/kg灌胃,假手术组和模型组给予等体积蒸馏水,灌胃14 d后,利用双侧颈总动脉阻断合并尾静脉放血法制备小鼠VD模型。ELISA检测脑组织中肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)和白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)的水平;分光光度计法检测脑组织诱导型一氧化氮合酶(i NOS)活性和一氧化氮(NO)含量的变化;利用跳台和水迷宫实验观察小鼠的学习和记忆能力。结果:TZC 50 mg/kg、100 mg/kg和200 mg/kg组小鼠脑组织中TNF-α、IL-1β、i NOS和NO水平均降低。在水迷宫实验中,与模型组相比,TZC 100 mg/kg和200 mg/kg组的潜伏期缩短,TZC 50mg/kg、100 mg/kg和200 mg/kg组的错误次数减少;在跳台实验中,TZC 50 mg/kg、100 mg/kg和200 mg/kg组较模型组潜伏期延长,错误次数减少(P0.05)。结论:TZC对VD小鼠的学习和记忆能力有改善作用,其机制可能与降低脑组织TNF-α、IL-1β、i NOS和NO水平有关。     

Evaluation of biofilm formation ability in different Candida strains and anti-biofilm effects of Fe3O4-NPs compared with Fluconazole: an in vitro study

Objective

Biofilm formation ability is one of the major virulence factors contributing to the pathogenesis of Candida species. Biofilms produced by Candida spp. cause complicated treatments and contribute to increasing unpleasant mortality rates. Nanoparticles of Fe₃O₄ (Fe₃O₄-NPs) are considered due to their magnetic and biochemical properties, as well as their low costs. The purpose of present study was to determine biofilm formation ability in different Candida strains and evaluation of anti-biofilm effect of Fe₃O₄-NPs compared with FLC.

Mechanisms underlying blood pressure reduction by dietary inorganic nitrate

Nitric oxide (NO) importantly contributes to cardiovascular homeostasis by regulating blood flow and maintaining endothelial integrity. Conversely, reduced NO bioavailability is a central feature during natural ageing and in many cardiovascular disorders, including hypertension. The inorganic anions nitrate and nitrite are endogenously formed after oxidation of NO synthase (NOS)‐derived NO and are also present in our daily diet. Knowledge accumulated over the past two decades has demonstrated that these anions can be recycled back to NO and other bioactive nitrogen oxides via serial reductions that involve oral commensal bacteria and various enzymatic systems. Intake of inorganic nitrate, which is predominantly found in green leafy vegetables and beets, has a variety of favourable cardiovascular effects. As hypertension is a major risk factor of morbidity and mortality worldwide, much attention has been paid to the blood pressure reducing effect of inorganic nitrate. Here, we describe how dietary nitrate, via stimulation of the nitrate‐nitrite‐NO pathway, affects various organ systems and discuss underlying mechanisms that may contribute to the observed blood pressure‐lowering effect.     

Mechanisms and biomarkers of immune quiescence in kidney transplantation

This review discusses the current understanding of biomarkers of immune quiescence based on reviews of published literature in kidney transplant operational tolerance and mechanistic studies based on a better characterization of the stable, well-functioning renal allograft.